These are types of abnormal scar tissue that form as a result of an overproduction of collagen during the wound healing process. While both hypertrophic scars and keloids are raised and thickened, keloids extend beyond the borders of the original wound and can be more challenging to treat.

Here are some common plastic surgery treatments for hypertrophic scars and keloids:

1. Surgical Excision: This procedure involves surgically removing the hypertrophic scar or keloid. After the excision, the wound is closed with sutures, and the surgeon may also use other techniques to reduce the chances of recurrence.

2. Steroid Injections: Corticosteroids are injected directly into the scar tissue to help reduce inflammation and flatten the scar. Multiple sessions may be required for optimal results.

3. Laser Therapy: Laser treatments, such as fractional laser or pulsed dye laser, can help remodel scar tissue and improve the appearance of hypertrophic scars and keloids. Laser therapy can be effective in reducing redness and thickness.

4. Cryotherapy: This treatment involves freezing the scar tissue with liquid nitrogen. Cryotherapy can help flatten the scar and reduce its size.

5. Silicone Gel or Sheet Therapy: Silicone-based gels or sheets are applied to the scar, creating a protective barrier that helps to flatten and soften the tissue over time. These are non-invasive options that can be used at home.

6. Pressure Dressings or Silicone Gel Sheets: Applying pressure to the scar can help flatten it, and silicone gel sheets can be used as a non-invasive way to apply constant pressure to the area.

7. Radiation Therapy: In some cases, radiation therapy may be used after surgical removal of keloids to reduce the chances of recurrence. This treatment is typically reserved for large, recurrent, or challenging keloids.